By the time Sanger sequencing was commercialized, the groundwork for an entirely new sequencing chemistry was already well underway. In 1985, Swedish biochemists Pål Nyren and Arne Lundin published a paper illustrating a procedure that measured the concentration of a molecule, called pyrophosphate (PPi), using an enzymatic cascade that emits light. In early 1986, Nyren realized that the method he’d helped develop could be applied to DNA sequencing, because PPi is naturally produced as a byproduct of DNA synthesis.5
“学校组织我们在沙勒克江大叔家参加升旗仪式，听大叔讲民族团结故事和爱国故事。”塔城市第六中学学生锁浩然说，在塔城，各民族群众在手风琴声伴奏下同歌共舞的场景常能见到。
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